The lack of vitamin B12 may result from any of the following conditions: Addisonian (pernicious) anemia this condition causes autoantibody formation against parietal cells, which results in a lack of IF essential for absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestine Malabsorption impaired absorption of vitamin B12 Gastrointestinal pathology, dysfunction, or surgery these include atrophic gastritis, celiac disease, small bowel bacterial overgrowth, pancreatic insufficiency, Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric carcinoma, and total or partial gastrectomy Diphyllobothrium latum and related species (the fish tapeworm) infestation these parasites compete with vitamin B12 for intestinal absorption
As the global population rises and industries use up more and more of the worlds water, the gap between available supplies and growing demand continues to widen
The compounds effects on fat metabolism are particularly noteworthy
It is metabolized hepatically and excreted renally, with a half-life of under thirty minutes
10.1007/s10787-006-1531-7 116 SikiricP.SeiwerthS.BrcicL.SeverM.KlicekR.RadicB.et al (2010)
